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In the United States, chickens were raised primarily on family farms or in some cases, in poultry colonies, such as Judge Emery's Poultry Colony [1] until about 1960. Originally, the primary value in poultry keeping was eggs, and meat was considered a byproduct of egg production. [2]
U.S. intensive chicken farming led to the 1961–1964 "Chicken War" with Europe. The Chicken Tax is a 25 percent tariff on light trucks (and originally on potato starch, dextrin, and brandy) imposed in 1964 by the United States under President Lyndon B. Johnson in response to tariffs placed by France and West Germany on importation of U.S. chicken. [1]
By the late 1950s, poultry production had changed dramatically. Large farms and packing plants could grow birds by the tens of thousands. Chickens could be sent to slaughterhouses for butchering and processing into prepackaged commercial products to be frozen or shipped fresh to markets or wholesalers.
The 1960s and 1970s saw major farm worker strikes including the 1965 Delano grape strike and the 1970 Salad Bowl strike. In 1975, the California Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975 was enacted, [ 103 ] establishing the right to collective bargaining for farmworkers in California, a first in U.S. history. [ 104 ]
Concern for animal welfare resurges in the 1950s, resulting in the federal Humane Slaughter Act [10] and the Animal Welfare Act. [11] 1966-2016: Intensive animal agriculture continues to grow, with the number of land animals slaughtered for food in the U.S. growing from 2.4 billion in 1965 to 9.2 billion in 2015. [12]
Magazines for the poultry industry existed at this time. [4] [5] A crossbred variety of chicken was produced from a male of a naturally double-breasted Cornish strain, and a female of a tall, large-boned strain of white Plymouth Rocks. [6] This first attempt at a meat crossbreed was introduced in the 1930s and became dominant in the 1960s.
After the current strain of bird flu, H5N1, reached the U.S. in 2022, more than 148 million birds have been euthanized. What is the outbreak's potential impacts on humans, the poultry industry ...
As the business grew, the Fosters acquired another farm and a feed mill in the 1950s. The feed mill allowed the company some independence from outside feed contracts. [ 1 ] In 1959, Foster Farms acquired the Sunland Poultry [ 3 ] processing plant in Livingston, California , and in 1960, the company's headquarters was moved there from Modesto.