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Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean, [3] is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or green, unripe pods. Its leaf is also occasionally used as a vegetable and the straw as fodder. Its botanical classification, along with other Phaseolus species, is as a member of the legume family, Fabaceae.
The generic name Phaseolus was introduced by Linnaeus in 1753, [7] from the Latin phaseolus, a diminutive of phasēlus, in turn borrowed from Greek φάσηλος / phasēlos of unknown origin. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] The Ancient Greeks probably referred to any bean in a pod as phasēlos , [ 10 ] which at the time, in Europe, were only of Asian origin.
The navy bean, haricot bean, pearl haricot bean, [3] Boston bean, [4] white pea bean, [5] or pea bean [6] is a variety of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) native to the Americas, where it was first domesticated. [7] It is a dry white bean that is smaller than many other types of white beans, and has an oval, slightly flattened shape. [3]
A pile of raw green beans. Green beans are young, unripe fruits of various cultivars of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), [1] [2] although immature or young pods of the runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus), yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis), and hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus) are used in a similar way. [3]
Kidney beans, cooked by boiling, are 67% water, 23% carbohydrates, 9% protein, and contain negligible fat.In a 100-gram reference amount, cooked kidney beans provide 532 kJ (127 kcal) of food energy, and are a rich source (20% or more of the Daily Value, DV) of protein, folate (33% DV), iron (22% DV), and phosphorus (20% DV), with moderate amounts (10–19% DV) of thiamine, copper, magnesium ...
The pinto bean (/ ˈ p ɪ n t oʊ /) is a variety of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).In Spanish they are called frijoles pintos.It is the most popular bean by crop production in Northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States, [3] [4] and is most often eaten whole (sometimes in broth), or mashed and then refried.
The flageolet bean is a variety of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) originating from France. The flageolet is picked before full maturity and dried in the shade to retain its green color. The bean is small, light green, and kidney-shaped. The texture is firm and creamy when shelled and cooked. The flageolet bean is grown in California. [3]
The word 'bean', for the Old World vegetable, existed in Old English, [3] long before the New World genus Phaseolus was known in Europe. With the Columbian exchange of domestic plants between Europe and the Americas, use of the word was extended to pod-borne seeds of Phaseolus, such as the common bean and the runner bean, and the related genus Vigna.