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For successfully completed studies, ECTS credits are awarded. One academic year corresponds to 60 ECTS credits that are normally equivalent to 1500–1800 hours of total workload, irrespective of standard or qualification type. [citation needed] ECTS credits are used to facilitate transfer and progression throughout the Union.
GPA is calculated by using the number of grade points a student earns in a given period of time. A GPA is often calculated for high school, undergraduate, and graduate students. A cumulative grade point average (CGPA) is the average of all the GPAs a student has achieved during their time at the institution. [3]
The ECTS grading scale is a grading system for higher education institutions defined in the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) framework by the European Commission.
Some high schools, to reflect the varying skill required for different course levels, will give higher numerical grades for difficult courses, often referred to as a weighted GPA. For example, two common conversion systems used in honors and Advanced Placement courses are: A = 5 or 4.5; B = 4 or 3.5 [5] C = 3 or 2.5; D = 2 or 1.5; F = 0 [19]
Additionally, most schools calculate a student's grade point average (GPA) by assigning each letter grade a number and averaging those numerical values. Generally, American schools equate an A with a numerical value of 4.0. Most graduate schools require a 3.0 (B) average to take a degree, with C or C− being the lowest grade for course credit.
Normal full-time studying is usually 15 credit hours per semester or 30 credit hours per academic year. [17] Some schools set a flat rate for full-time students, such that a student taking over 12 or 15 credit hours will pay the same amount as a student taking exactly 12 (or 15).
The Vietnamese grading system is an academic grading system utilized in Vietnam.It is based on a 0 to 10-point scale, similar to the US 1.0-4.0 scale.. Typically when an American educational institution requests a grade-point average calculated on the 4 point scale, the student will be expected to do a direct mathematical conversion, so 10 becomes 4.0, 7.5 becomes 3.0, etc.
Certificate grades are either rounded to integers or half-integers. After having rounded the individual grades, a weighted mean is used to calculate the overall result. The weight of a grade is normally proportional to the number of hours the according subject was taught per week. To pass a year, this overall result needs to be sufficient.