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Dynamics of temporomandibular joint during voluntary mouth opening and closing visualized by real-time MRI [52] Pain is the most common reason for people with TMD to seek medical advice. [2] Joint noises may require auscultation with a stethoscope to detect. [20]
Healthy gums fill and fit each space between the teeth, unlike the swollen gum papilla seen in gingivitis or the empty interdental embrasure seen in periodontal disease. Healthy gums hold tight to each tooth in that the gum surface narrows to "knife-edge" thin at the free gingival margin. On the other hand, inflamed gums have a "puffy" or ...
Bruxism is a common behavior; the global prevalence of bruxism (both sleep and awake) is 22.22%. [2] Several symptoms are commonly associated with bruxism, including aching jaw muscles, headaches, hypersensitive teeth, tooth wear, and damage to dental restorations (e.g. crowns and fillings). [3]
The most common disorder of a temporomandibular joint is disc displacement. In essence, this is when the articular disc, attached anteriorly to the superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle and posteriorly to the retrodiscal tissue, moves out from between the condyle and the fossa so that the mandible and temporal bone contact is made on ...
From the inside, the mandible appears concave. On either side of the lower symphysis is the mental spine (which can be faint or fused into one), to which the genioglossus (the inferior muscle of the tongue) attaches; the geniohyoid muscle attaches to the lower mental spine. Above the mental spine, a median foramen and furrow can line the symphysis.
The most common area of fracture is at the condyle (36%), body (21%), angle (20%) and symphysis (14%). [1] Rarely the fracture may occur at the ramus (3%) or coronoid process (2%). While a diagnosis can occasionally be made with plain X-ray, modern CT scans are more accurate. [1] Immediate surgery is not necessarily required. [1]
“Excessive chewing can lead to problems with the joint of the jaw, known as temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD),” Gary Liu, a board-certified pediatric dentist, cautions.
Plaque-induced) gingivitis—A common periodontal (gum) disease is gingivitis. Periodontal refers to the area the infection affects, which include the teeth, gums, and tissues surrounding the teeth. Bacteria cause inflammation of the gums which become red, swollen and can bleed easily.