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It is used as a cream or ointment applied to the skin. [6] Common side effects include itchiness and rash at the site of application, headache, and nausea. [6] Long term use may result in increased growth of fungi. [6] Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding appears to be safe. [6] Mupirocin is chemically a carboxylic acid. [8]
Neomycin/polymyxin B/bacitracin, also known as triple antibiotic ointment, is an antibiotic medication used to reduce the risk of infections following minor skin injuries. [1] [2] It contains the three antibiotics neomycin, polymyxin B, and bacitracin. [1] It is for topical use. [3] [4]
Mupirocin 2% ointment can be effective at reducing the size of lesions. A secondary covering of clothing is preferred. [ 79 ] As shown in an animal study with diabetic mice, the topical application of a mixture of sugar (70%) and 3% povidone-iodine paste is an effective agent for the treatment of diabetic ulcers with MRSA infection.
Impetigo is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the superficial skin. [2] The most common presentation is yellowish crusts on the face, arms, or legs. [2] Less commonly there may be large blisters which affect the groin or armpits. [2] The lesions may be painful or itchy. [3] Fever is uncommon. [3]
The use of mupirocin ointment can reduce the rate of infections due to nasal carriage of S. aureus. [141] There is limited evidence that nasal decontamination of S. aureus using antibiotics or antiseptics can reduce the rates of surgical site infections.
Bacitracin is a polypeptide antibiotic derived from a bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and acts against bacteria through the inhibition of cell wall synthesis. [6] It does this by inhibiting the removal of phosphate from lipid compounds, thus deactivating its function to transport peptidoglycan; the main component of bacterial cell membranes, to the microbial cell wall.
Nystatin may be used by mouth, in the vagina, or applied to the skin. [1] Common side effects when applied to the skin include burning, itching, and a rash. [1] Common side effects when taken by mouth include vomiting and diarrhea. [1] During pregnancy use in the vagina is safe while other formulations have not been studied in this group. [1]
[2] Treatment for angular cheilitis is typically based on the underlying causes along with the use of a barrier cream. [2] Frequently an antifungal and antibacterial cream is also tried. [2] Angular cheilitis is a fairly common problem, [2] with estimates that it affects 0.7% of the population. [3]