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The French scale measures the outer diameter of the catheter, not the size of the internal drainage channel (inner diameter). For instance, a two-way catheter of 20 Fr and a three-way catheter of 20 Fr have the same outer diameter, but the three-way catheter has an additional channel for irrigation, reducing the size of its drainage channel.
The most commonly used catheter for central venous access is the triple lumen catheter. [3] They are preferred (particularly in the ICU) for their three infusion channels that allow for multiple therapies to be administered simultaneously. They are sized using the French scale, with the 7 French size commonly used in adults.
There are both two-way and three-way hematuria catheters (double and triple lumen). [1] A condom catheter can only be used by a person with a penis but carries a lower risk of infection than an indwelling catheter. [3] Catheter diameters are sized by the French catheter scale (F). The most common sizes are 10 F (3.3mm) to 28 F (9.3mm).
The catheter is introduced into the vein by a needle (similar to blood drawing), which is subsequently removed while the small plastic cannula remains in place. The catheter is then fixed by taping it to the patient's skin or using an adhesive dressing. A peripheral venous catheter is the most commonly used vascular access in medicine.
The relative size of an indwelling urinary catheter is described using French units (Fr). [6] Alternatively, the size of a 10 Fr catheter might be expressed as 10 Ch (Charriere units – named after a 19th century French scientific instrument maker, Joseph-Frédéric-Benoît Charrière). The most common sizes are 10 Fr to 28 Fr. 1 Fr is ...
Chest tubes are made in a range of sizes measured by their external diameter from 6 Fr to 40 Fr. Chest tubes, like most catheters, are measured in French catheter scale. For adults, 20 Fr to 40 Fr (6.7 to 13.3mm external diameter) are commonly used, and 6 Fr to 26 Fr for children.
A dialysis catheter is a catheter used for exchanging blood to and from a hemodialysis machine and a patient. The dialysis catheter contains two lumens: venous and arterial. Although both lumens are in the vein, the "arterial" lumen, like natural arteries, carries blood away from the heart, while the "venous" lumen returns blood towards the heart.
The Birmingham gauge ranges from 5/0 or 00000, the lowest gauge number corresponding to the largest size of 0.500 inches (12.7 mm), to 36, the highest gauge number corresponding to the smallest size of 0.004 inches (0.10 mm). The increments between gauge sizes are not linear and vary. [2]