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Prior to the widespread use of maternal intrapartum chemoprophylaxis in the United States, maternal colonization with GBS conferred an increased risk of chorioamnionitis, and early postpartum infection .
The microbiology and pathogenesis of GBS infection and the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of GBS infections in nonpregnant adults will be reviewed here. Prevention strategies through chemoprophylaxis and vaccination are discussed separately.
what is group b strep infection? GBS is commonly found in the lower part of the digestive system (colon, rectum) and the vagina. Approximately one in three to four pregnant people in the United States "carries" GBS in their digestive tract and/or in their vagina.
Group B Streptococcus (GBS; or Streptococcus agalactiae) is gram-positive diplococcus that commonly colonizes the gastrointestinal and genital tracts. GBS colonization in pregnant women is generally asymptomatic. However, maternal colonization is the primary risk factor for GBS infection in neonates and young infants.
Although GBS colonization is asymptomatic in these individuals, colonization near the time of birth is a critical determinant of infection in infants less than 90 days of age, in whom GBS is the most common cause of invasive bacterial infection .
Rapid tests for group B Streptococcus colonization in laboring women: a systematic review. Pediatrics 2006; 117:1055. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
The term asymptomatic bacteriuria refers to isolation of bacteria (≥100,000 [10 5] colony-forming units [CFU]/mL in a voided clean-catch specimen) from an individual without symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI).
Group B streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) is a gram-positive coccus that frequently colonizes the human genital and gastrointestinal tracts, and less frequently, the upper respiratory tract of children and adults .
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) can cause symptomatic infection or can colonize the oropharynx. Active infection refers to symptomatic infection caused by GAS. Persistent infection refers to symptomatic infection caused by GAS that does not resolve after appropriate antibiotic treatment.
what is group b strep infection? GBS is commonly found in the lower part of the digestive system (colon, rectum) and the vagina. Approximately one in three to four pregnant people in the United States "carries" GBS in their digestive tract and/or in their vagina.