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The term sponge derives from the Ancient Greek word σπόγγος spóngos. [8] The scientific name Porifera is a neuter plural of the Modern Latin term porifer, which comes from the roots porus meaning "pore, opening", and -fer meaning "bearing or carrying".
Spongia quarnerensisSchmidt, 1862. Spongia officinalis, better known as a variety of bath sponge, is a commercially used sea sponge. [ 2 ] Individuals grow in large lobes with small openings and are formed by a mesh of primary and secondary fibers. [ 3 ][ 2 ] It is light grey to black in color. [ 3 ]
Cliona celata. Grant, 1826. Synonyms. List. Cliona celata, occasionally called the boring sponge, is a species of demosponge belonging the family Clionaidae. [1] It is found worldwide. This sponge bores round holes up to 5 millimetres (0.20 in) in diameter in limestone or the shells of molluscs, especially oysters.
The calcareous sponges[2][3] (class Calcarea) are members of the animal phylum Porifera, the cellular sponges. They are characterized by spicules made of calcium carbonate, in the form of high- magnesium calcite or aragonite. While the spicules in most species are triradiate (with three points in a single plane), some species may possess two ...
In 1833, Robert Edmond Grant grouped sponges into a phylum he called Porifera (from the Latin porus meaning "pore" and -fer meaning "bearing"). [17] He described sponges as the simplest of multicellular animals, sessile, marine invertebrates built from soft, spongy (amorphously shaped) material.
Venus' flower basket. The Venus' flower basket (Euplectella aspergillum) is a glass sponge in the phylum Porifera. It is a marine sponge found in the deep waters of the Pacific Ocean, usually at depths below 500 m (1,600 ft). Like other sponges, they feed by filtering sea water to capture plankton and marine snow. [1]
Spongilla lacustris. Linnaeus, 1758. Synonyms. List. Spongilla lacustris is a species of freshwater sponge from the family Spongillidae. It inhabits freshwater rivers and lakes, often growing under logs or rocks. Lacustris is a Latin word meaning "related to or associated with lakes". [1] The species ranges from North America to Europe and Asia.
The giant barrel sponge (Xestospongia muta) is the largest species of sponge found growing on Caribbean coral reefs. It is common at depths greater than 10 metres (33 ft) down to 120 metres (390 ft) and can reach a diameter of 1.8 metres (6 feet). It is typically brownish-red to brownish-gray in color, with a hard or stony texture.