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Bruxism is excessive teeth grinding or jaw clenching. It is an oral parafunctional activity; [ 1 ] i.e., it is unrelated to normal function such as eating or talking. Bruxism is a common behavior; the global prevalence of bruxism (both sleep and awake) is 22.22%. [ 2 ] Several symptoms are commonly associated with bruxism, including aching jaw ...
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, TMJD) is an umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull). The most important feature is pain, followed by restricted mandibular movement, [ 2 ] and noises ...
A para-functional habit or parafunctional habit is the habitual exercise of a body part in a way that is other than the most common use of that body part. In dentistry, orthodontics, and oral and maxillofacial pathology, the body part in question is usually the mouth, tongue, or jaw. Oral para-functional habits may include bruxism (tooth ...
Dental attrition is a type of tooth wear caused by tooth-to-tooth contact, [1] resulting in loss of tooth tissue, usually starting at the incisal or occlusal surfaces. Tooth wear is a physiological process and is commonly seen as a normal part of aging. Advanced and excessive wear and tooth surface loss can be defined as pathological in nature ...
Parts of a tooth, including the enamel (cross section). Tooth enamel is one of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many animals, including some species of fish. It makes up the normally visible part of the tooth, covering the crown. The other major tissues are dentin, cementum, and dental pulp.
Occlusal trauma is the damage to teeth when an excessive force is acted upon them and they do not align properly. [1] When the jaws close, for instance during chewing or at rest, the relationship between the opposing teeth is referred to as occlusion. When trauma, disease or dental treatment alters occlusion by changing the biting surface of ...
A buccal exostosis is an exostosis (bone prominence) on the buccal surface (cheek side) of the alveolar ridge of the maxilla or mandible. More commonly seen in the maxilla than the mandible, buccal exostoses are considered to be site specific. [2] Existing as asymptomatic bony nodules, [3] buccal exostoses don’t usually present until adult ...
Their findings were published in the journal Nature, providing one of the first-ever maps of the changes a pregnant woman’s brain can undergo. And some of these structural changes were still ...