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  2. Possibilism (geography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possibilism_(geography)

    Possibilism in cultural geography is the theory that the environment sets certain constraints or limitations, but culture is otherwise determined by social conditions. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In cultural ecology , Marshall Sahlins used this concept in order to develop alternative approaches to the environmental determinism dominant at that time in ...

  3. Carl O. Sauer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_O._Sauer

    Carl Ortwin Sauer (December 24, 1889 – July 18, 1975) was an American geographer. Sauer was a professor of geography at the University of California at Berkeley from 1923 until becoming professor emeritus in 1957. He has been called "the dean of American historical geography " [1] and he was instrumental in the early development of the ...

  4. Actualism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actualism

    Actualism. In analytic philosophy, actualism is the view that everything there is (i.e., everything that has being, in the broadest sense) is actual. [1][2] Another phrasing of the thesis is that the domain of unrestricted quantification ranges over all and only actual existents. [3]

  5. Paul Vidal de La Blache - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Vidal_de_la_Blache

    The concept of possibilism has been used by historians to evoke the epistemological fuzziness that, according to them, characterized the approach of Vidal's school. Described as " idiographic ", this approach was seen as blocking the evolution of the discipline in a " nomothetic " direction that would be the result of experimentation, making it ...

  6. Possibilianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possibilianism

    Possibilianism. Possibilianism is a philosophy that rejects both the diverse claims of traditional theism and the positions of certainty in strong atheism in favor of a middle, exploratory ground. [1][2][3][4][5] The term was invented by Robbie Parrish, [6] a friend of neuroscientist David Eagleman who defined the term in relation to his 2009 ...

  7. Environmental determinism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_determinism

    Environmental determinism (also known as climatic determinism or geographical determinism) is the study of how the physical environment predisposes societies and states towards particular economic or social developmental (or even more generally, cultural) trajectories. [1] Jared Diamond, Jeffrey Herbst, Ian Morris, and other social scientists ...

  8. Friedrich Ratzel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Ratzel

    Known for. Concept of lebensraum. Scientific career. Fields. Geography. Ethnography. Institutions. Leipzig University. Friedrich Ratzel (August 30, 1844 – August 9, 1904) was a German geographer and ethnographer, notable for first using the term Lebensraum ("living space") in the sense that the National Socialists later would.

  9. Anthony Weston - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Weston

    Possibilism, Enabling Environmental Practice, self-validating reduction, Teaching as Staging, Impresario with a Scenario Anthony Weston is an American writer, teacher, and philosopher. He is an author of widely used primers in critical thinking and ethical practice and of a variety of unconventional books and essays on philosophical topics.