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Anoxic depolarization in the brain. Anoxic depolarization is a progressive and uncontrollable depolarization of neurons during stroke or brain ischemia in which there is an inadequate supply of blood to the brain. [1] Anoxic depolarization is induced by the loss of neuronal selective membrane permeability and the ion gradients across the ...
Brain injury as a result of oxygen deprivation either due to hypoxic or anoxic mechanisms are generally termed hypoxic/anoxic injuries (HAI). Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy ( HIE ) is a condition that occurs when the entire brain is deprived of an adequate oxygen supply, but the deprivation is not total.
A minimally conscious state or MCS is a disorder of consciousness distinct from persistent vegetative state and locked-in syndrome. Unlike persistent vegetative state, patients with MCS have partial preservation of conscious awareness. [1] MCS is a relatively new category of disorders of consciousness. The natural history and longer term ...
Any damage to the brain can cause a mental disorder. The brain is the control system for the nervous system and the rest of the body. Without it, the body cannot function properly. [68] Increased mood swings, insane behavior, and substance abuse disorders are traumatic brain injury (TBI) examples. Findings on the relationship between TBI ...
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE), previously known as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (neonatal HIE or NHIE), is defined as a encephalopathy syndrome with signs and symptoms of abnormal neurological function, in the first few days of life in an infant born after 35 weeks of gestation. [1][2] In this condition there is difficulty initiating ...
Biology of depression. Scientific studies have found that different brain areas show altered activity in humans with major depressive disorder (MDD), [1] and this has encouraged advocates of various theories that seek to identify a biochemical origin of the disease, as opposed to theories that emphasize psychological or situational causes.
Early childhood is a critical period in a child's life that includes ages from birth to five years old. [ 1 ][ 2 ] Psychological stress is an inevitable part of life. Human beings can experience stress from an early age. Although stress is a factor for the average human being, it can be a positive or negative molding aspect in a young child's life.
Anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant and uncontrollable feelings of anxiety and fear [2] such that a person's social, occupational, and personal functions are significantly impaired. [2] Anxiety may cause physical and cognitive symptoms, such as restlessness, irritability, easy fatigue ...