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An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, peripherals, and other ...
A monolithic kernel is an operating system architecture with the entire operating system running in kernel space. The monolithic model differs from other architectures such as the microkernel [1][2] in that it alone defines a high-level virtual interface over computer hardware. A set of primitives or system calls implement all operating system ...
1953. DYSEAC - an early machine capable of distributing computing. 1955. General Motors Operating System made for IBM 701 [2] MIT 's Tape Director operating system made for UNIVAC 1103 [3][4] 1956. GM-NAA I/O for IBM 704, based on General Motors Operating System.
Microkernel. In computer science, a microkernel (often abbreviated as μ-kernel) is the near-minimum amount of software that can provide the mechanisms needed to implement an operating system (OS). These mechanisms include low-level address space management, thread management, and inter-process communication (IPC).
Business Operating System (BOS) – developed to be ported across microcomputers. EOS – developed by ETA Systems for use in their ETA-10 line of supercomputers. EMBOS – developed by Elxsi for use on their mini-supercomputers. GCOS – a proprietary operating system originally developed by General Electric.
Process control block. A process control block (PCB), also sometimes called a process descriptor, is a data structure used by a computer operating system to store all the information about a process. When a process is created (initialized or installed), the operating system creates a corresponding process control block, which specifies and ...
The article "Usage share of operating systems" provides a broader, and more general, comparison of operating systems that includes servers, mainframes and supercomputers. Because of the large number and variety of available Linux distributions, they are all grouped under a single entry; see comparison of Linux distributions for a detailed ...
History of computing. more timelines ... Computer operating systems (OSes) provide a set of functions needed and used by most application programs on a computer, and the links needed to control and synchronize computer hardware. On the first computers, with no operating system, every program needed the full hardware specification to run ...