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As with other Brahmic scripts, the Burmese alphabet is arranged into groups of five letters for stop consonants called wek (ဝဂ်, from Pali vagga) based on articulation. Within each group, the first letter is tenuis ("plain"), the second is the aspirated homologue, the third and fourth are the voiced homologues and the fifth is the nasal ...
The Western Pwo alphabet is characterised by the circular letter forms of the Mon-Burmese script. It is an abugida, all letters having an inherent vowel /ə/. Vowels are represented in the form of diacritics placed next to the consonants. It is written left to right. There are 26 consonants (Pwo Western Karen: လံၬမ့ၬဖျိၪ့).
The script has undergone considerable modification to suit the evolving phonology of the Burmese language, but additional letters and diacritics have been added to adapt it to other languages; the Shan and Karen alphabets, for example, require additional tone markers. The Mon–Burmese script has been borrowed and adapted twice by Tai peoples.
The S'gaw Karen alphabet (S'gaw Karen: ကညီလံာ်ခီၣ်ထံး) is an abugida used for writing Karen. It was derived from the Burmese script in the early 19th century, and ultimately from either the Kadamba or Pallava alphabet of South India. The S'gaw Karen alphabet is also used for the liturgical languages of Pali and Sanskrit.
The first braille alphabet for Burmese was developed by Father William Henry Jackson ca. 1918. [1] There was no provision for the voiced aspirate series of consonants (gh, jh, dh, bh), nor for the retroflex (tt etc.), and Jackson provided distinct letters for complex onsets such as ky, hm and for various syllable rimes (ok, ein, aung, etc.), with no regard to how they are written in the print ...
Graphical summary of the development of Tai scripts from a Shan perspective, as reported in Sai Kam Mong's Shan Script book. The Shan script is a Brahmic abugida, used for writing the Shan language, which was derived from the Burmese script. [2] Due to its recent reforms, the Shan alphabet is more phonetic than other Burmese-derived scripts. [3]
The modern Mon alphabet has several letters and diacritics that do not exist in Burmese, such as the stacking diacritic for medial 'l', which is placed underneath the letter. [8] There is a great deal of discrepancy between the written and spoken forms of Mon, with a single pronunciation capable of having several spellings. [9]
Inside and outside Myanmar several other systems may also be used. Replicating Burmese sounds in the Latin script is complicated. [opinion] MLC Transcription System (MLCTS), of the Myanmar Language Commission is the government recommended transliteration system for rendering Burmese in the Latin alphabet. This system is used in many linguistic ...