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[1] [2] Chronic mountain sickness may occur after long-term exposure to high altitude. [2] Altitude sickness typically occurs only above 2,500 metres (8,000 ft), though some people are affected at lower altitudes. [2] [4] Risk factors include a prior episode of altitude sickness, a high degree of activity, and a rapid increase in elevation. [2]
The medical problems that are direct consequence of high altitude are caused by the low inspired partial pressure of oxygen, which is caused by the reduced atmospheric pressure, and the constant gas fraction of oxygen in atmospheric air over the range in which humans can survive. [1]
Acetazolamide is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase.It is used for glaucoma, epilepsy (rarely), idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and altitude sickness. For the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP), acetazolamide inactivates carbonic anhydrase and interferes with the sodium pump, which decreases aqueous humor formation and thus lowers IOP.
It is primarily used for treating severe cases of altitude sickness, [2] [3] high-altitude cerebral edema, and high-altitude pulmonary edema. [4] Like office-based hyperbaric medicine, the Gamow bag uses increased partial pressure of oxygen for therapy of hypobaric injury but has the advantage of portability for field use.
By contrast, the women of long-resident, high-altitude populations are known to give birth to heavier-weight infants than women of the lowland. This is particularly true among Tibetan babies, whose average birth weight is 294–650g (~470) g heavier than the surrounding Chinese population , and their blood-oxygen level is considerably higher.
Hypobaric decompression is the reduction in ambient pressure below the normal range of sea level atmospheric pressure. Altitude decompression is hypobaric decompression which is the natural consequence of unprotected elevation to altitude, while other forms of hypobaric decompression are due to intentional or unintentional release of pressurization of a pressure suit or pressurized compartment ...
COVID-19 infection may trigger the development of high blood pressure, new research shows. Researchers found that COVID-19 infections had a much higher association with hypertension than influenza.
High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a medical condition in which the brain swells with fluid because of the physiological effects of traveling to a high altitude. It generally appears in patients who have acute mountain sickness and involves disorientation, lethargy, and nausea among other symptoms.
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