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A tear of a meniscus is a rupturing of one or more of the fibrocartilage strips in the knee called menisci. When doctors and patients refer to "torn cartilage" in the knee, they actually may be referring to an injury to a meniscus at the top of one of the tibiae. Menisci can be torn during innocuous activities such as walking or squatting.
A bucket-handle tear of the knee is a specific type of meniscal injury characterized by a longitudinal tear of the medial or lateral meniscus, where a displaced inner fragment resembles the appearance of a "bucket handle". [1]
grade 1: the cartilage has a soft spot, blisters, or superficial wear; grade 2: minor tears of less than one-half the thickness of the cartilage layer; grade 3: lesions have deep crevices of more than one-half the thickness of the cartilage layer; grade 4: the cartilage tear is full thickness and exposes the underlying (subchondral) bone
However, recent research has called into question whether many meniscus tears actually cause pain or are simply part of the normal degenerative process of aging. A 2008 study in the New England Journal of Medicine which shows that about 60% of meniscus tears cause no pain and are found in asymptomatic subjects. [ 1 ]
The optimal time for treatment of acute injuries is within the first 3 weeks to avoid complications caused by scar tissue and the body's repair mechanisms. [32] Chronic PLC injuries are less likely to be amenable to repair due to complications from scar tissue and limb malalignment; these injuries will likely necessitate reconstruction. [5]
Grade III injuries have a complete ligamentous tear. There will be no end-point to valgus stress testing. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 14 ] The historic quantified definition of grades I, II, and III represented 0–5 mm, 5–10 mm, and >10 mm of medial compartment gapping, respectively. [ 15 ]
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A 2011 study reports histologically confirmed hyaline cartilage regrowth in a 5 patient case-series, 2 with grade IV bipolar or kissing lesions in the knee. The successful protocol involves arthroscopic microdrilling/ microfracture surgery followed by postoperative injections of autologous peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC's) and ...
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