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A number of structural proteins (filaggrin, keratin), enzymes (e.g. proteases), lipids, and antimicrobial peptides contribute to maintain the important barrier function of the skin.
Non-keratinized surfaces must be kept moist by bodily secretions to prevent them from drying out. Cells of stratum corneum are sometimes without keratin and living. Examples of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium include some parts of the lining of oral cavity , pharynx , conjunctiva of eye , upper one-third esophagus , rectum ...
Among them, 20 are epithelial genes and the remaining 10 are specific for trichocytes. All cytokeratin chains are composed of a central α-helix-rich domain (with a 50 to 90% sequence identity among cytokeratins of the same type and around 30% between cytokeratins of different type) with non-α-helical N- and C-terminal domains.
Keratin also protects epithelial cells from damage or stress. Keratin is extremely insoluble in water and organic solvents. Keratin is extremely insoluble in water and organic solvents. Keratin monomers assemble into bundles to form intermediate filaments , which are tough and form strong unmineralized epidermal appendages found in reptiles ...
Non-keratinized squamous epithelium covers the soft palate, lips, cheeks and the floor of the mouth. Keratinized squamous epithelium is present in the gingiva and hard palate . [ 3 ] Keratinization is the differentiation of keratinocytes in the granular layer into dead surface cells to form the stratum corneum.
In regard to the cervix, squamous metaplasia can sometimes be found in the endocervix, as it is composed of simple columnar epithelium, whereas the ectocervix is composed of stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium. [2]
The vermilion border represents the change in the epidermis from highly keratinized external skin to less keratinized internal skin. It has no sebaceous glands, sweat glands, or facial hair. [2] [1] There are two reasons that the border appears red in some people: The epithelium is thin and therefore the blood vessels are closer to the surface. [7]
Typically, keratin filaments are integrated into desmosomes (see Fig. 1b, d) and hemidesmosomes, contributing not only to cell-to-cell stability but also to the attachment to the basement membrane and the connective tissue within a particular epithelium. [4] In non-stratified (simple) epithelia of internal organs experiencing minimal mechanical ...