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The following is a list of straight-chain alkanes, the total number of isomers of each (including branched chains), and their common names, sorted by number of carbon atoms. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Number of C atoms
A straight-chain alkane will have a boiling point higher than a branched-chain alkane due to the greater surface area in contact, and thus greater van der Waals forces, between adjacent molecules. For example, compare isobutane (2-methylpropane) and n-butane (butane), which boil at −12 and 0 °C, and 2,2-dimethylbutane and 2,3-dimethylbutane ...
3-Methylpentane is a branched alkane with the molecular formula C 6 H 14. It is a structural isomer of hexane composed of a methyl group bonded to the third carbon atom in a pentane chain. It is of similar structure to the isomeric 2-methylpentane , which has the methyl group located on the second carbon of the pentane chain.
Alkanes as substituents are called alkyl groups Subcategories. This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total. B. Butane (2 C, 11 P) E. Ethane (1 C ...
3-Ethylpentane (C 7 H 16) is a branched saturated hydrocarbon. It is an alkane, and one of the many structural isomers of heptane, consisting of a five carbon chain with a two carbon branch at the middle carbon. An example of an alcohol derived from 3-ethylpentane is the tertiary alcohol 3-ethylpentan-3-ol. [3]
2-Methylpentane, trivially known as isohexane, is a branched-chain alkane with the molecular formula C 6 H 14. It is a structural isomer of hexane composed of a methyl group bonded to the second carbon atom in a pentane chain. Using a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) prediction model, 2-Methylpentane has a research octane ...
On the NFPA 704 scale, 2-methylhexane is listed as a reactivity level-0 chemical, along with various other alkanes. In fact, most alkanes are unreactive except in extreme conditions, such as combustion or strong sunlight. At the presence of oxygen and flame, 2-methylhexane, like heptane, combusts mostly completely into water and carbon dioxide.
In general, straight-chain alkanes are converted to branched isomers by heating in the presence of a catalyst. Examples include isomerisation of n-butane to isobutane and pentane to isopentane. Highly branched alkanes have favorable combustion characteristics for internal combustion engines. [2] Further examples are the Wagner–Meerwein ...