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A more hands-on method, there is the test swatch and the gauge swatch. Knitting a test swatch requires knitting the yarn into a small, roughly 4 in (10 cm) square textile of even stitches. [4] Comparing this with recommended needle sizes, yarn, and the knitter's own signature tension, allows for adjustments to all of these things.
The earliest published English knitting pattern appeared in Natura Exenterata: or Nature Unbowelled, which was printed in London in 1655 [9] Jane Gaugain was an early influential author of knitting pattern books in the early 1800s. Yarn companies give away knitting patterns to promote use of their yarn. [10] [11] [12] [13]
Yarn over (yo) Dip stitch which can be either A raised increase, knitting into row below (k-b, k 1 b) A lifted increase, knitting into the yarn between the stitches (inc, m1) Knit front and back (kfb) Purl front and back (, pass slipped stitch over (S1, K1, PSSO) for a left-leaning decrease.
Yarn comes in many colors. Yarn may be used undyed, or may be coloured with natural or artificial dyes. Most yarns have a single uniform hue, but there is also a wide selection of variegated yarns: Heathered or tweed: yarn with flecks of different coloured fibre; Ombré: variegated yarn with light and dark shades of a single hue
Intarsia patterns are almost always given as charts (which, because of the mechanics of knitting, are read beginning at the lower right and continuing upward). The charts generally look like highly pixellated cartoon drawings, in this sense resembling dot-matrix computer graphics or needlepoint patterns (though usually without the colour nuance ...
Yarn weight is a factor; thicker yarns with less loft overall produce larger stitches than thinner yarns (reducing the number of stitches per width and length). Larger knitting needles also produce larger stitches, giving fewer stitches and rows per inch. Changing needle size is the best way to control one's own gauge for a given pattern and yarn.
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