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The Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) is a pangolin native to the northern Indian subcontinent, northern parts of Southeast Asia and southern China.It has been listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2014, as the wild population is estimated to have declined by more than 80% in three pangolin generations, equal to 21 years.
Pangolin parts are also used for medicinal purposes in other Asian countries such as India, Nepal and Pakistan. In some parts of India and Nepal, locals believe that wearing the scales of a pangolin can help prevent pneumonia. [98] Pangolin scales have also been used for medicinal purposes in Malaysia, Indonesia and northern Myanmar.
Manis crassicaudata (Indian pangolin) Manis pentadactyla (Chinese pangolin) †Manis hungarica †Manis lydekkeri; Subgenus: Paramanis. Manis culionensis (Philippine pangolin) Manis javanica (Sunda pangolin) Manis mysteria [8] [9] †Manis palaeojavanica (Giant asian pangolin)
All species of living pangolin had been assigned to the genus Manis until the late 2000s, when research prompted the splitting of extant pangolins into three genera: Manis, Phataginus, and Smutsia. [ 5 ] [ 9 ]
Sunda pangolin. The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species. Family: Manidae. Genus: Manis. Sunda pangolin, M. javanica CR [43] Chinese pangolin, M. pentadactyla CR [44]
The Chinese pangolin is found throughout southern China, Hainan and Taiwan and the Sunda pangolin in western Yunnan. In Chinese, the pangolin is called "that which wears mountain armor" and the animal is believed by local shamans to hold magical powers such that hunters must utter incantation before killing them to ward off bad luck. [230]
The Taiwanese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla), also known as the Formosan pangolin, is a subspecies of the Chinese pangolin that is native to Taiwan.Its population has largely declined over the past few decades, mainly due to the threat of poaching and illegal trading of their valuable scales and meat.
Giant asian pangolin (Manis palaeojavanica ["ancient Javan pangolin"]), is an extinct species of pangolin (from genus Manis) that was native to Asia. [5] In 1926, E. Dubois described the bones of M. palaeojavanica discovered in Java. Later, Lord Medway excavated another set of bones at the Niah Caves in Malaysia.