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No Toba ash has been identified in ice core records, but four sulfate events within the ice strata have been proposed to possibly represent the deposition of aerosols from Toba eruption. [ 50 ] [ 32 ] [ 51 ] One sulfate event at 73.75–74.16 kyr, which has all the characteristics of the Toba eruption, is among the largest sulfate loadings that ...
The controversial Toba catastrophe theory, presented in the late 1990s to early 2000s, suggested that a bottleneck of the human population occurred approximately 75,000 years ago, proposing that the human population was reduced to perhaps 10,000–30,000 individuals [14] when the Toba supervolcano in Indonesia erupted and triggered a major ...
Human death toll Volcano VEI Location Year Eruption Source(s) 71,000 to 250,100+ Mount Tambora: 7 Indonesia: 1815 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora, Year Without a Summer: 36,000+ Krakatoa: 6 Indonesia: 1883 1883 eruption of Krakatoa: 30,000 Mount Pelée: 4 Martinique: 1902 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée: 23,000 Nevado del Ruiz: 3 Colombia: 1985 ...
An archaeological site in Ethiopia has revealed that a population of humans survived the eruption of Sumatra’s Mount Toba 74,000 years ago. One of the largest eruptions in Earth’s history ...
Location of Lake Toba shown in red on map. The Toba eruption (the Toba event) occurred at what is now Lake Toba about 73,700±300 years ago. [15] It was the last in a series of at least four caldera-forming eruptions at this location, with the earlier known caldera having formed around 1.2 million years ago. [16]
Deaths in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD (6 P) Pages in category "Deaths in volcanic eruptions" The following 14 pages are in this category, out of 14 total.
Supervolcano – Volcano that has had an eruption with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 8; Decade Volcanoes – Set of sixteen volcanoes noted for their eruptive history and proximity to densely populated areas; Dispersal index – Indicator of spread of volcanic ejecta; Lists of volcanoes; List of natural disasters by death toll
Jwalapuram (meaning "City of fire" in Telugu) is an archaeological site in the Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh, southern India, which shows hominid habitation before and after the Toba event (73 kya) according to the Toba catastrophe theory. [1] [2] It is unclear what species of humans settled Jwalapuram as no fossil remains have yet been ...