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Deriving too much of one's diet from a single source, such as eating almost exclusively potato, maize or rice, can cause malnutrition. This may either be from a lack of education about proper nutrition, only having access to a single food source, or from poor healthcare access and unhealthy environments. [101] [102]
Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and good health. [1] Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, food security, or a poor understanding of nutritional requirements. [2]
In nutrition, the diet of an organism is the sum of the foods it eats. [9] A healthy diet improves the physical and mental health of an organism. This requires ingestion and absorption of vitamins , minerals , essential amino acids from protein and essential fatty acids from fat-containing food.
The low-cost food that is generally affordable to the poor in affluent nations is low in nutritional value and high in fats, sugars and additives. In rich countries, therefore, obesity is often a sign of poverty and malnutrition while in poorer countries obesity is more associated with wealth and good nutrition.
Poor sanitary conditions in the environment that can contribute to malnutrition and disease in children (Kibera, Kenya) The World Health Organization estimated in 2008 that globally, half of all cases of undernutrition in children under five were caused by unsafe water, inadequate sanitation , or insufficient hygiene. [ 6 ]
The primarily plant-based diet emphasizes vegetables, fruit, whole grains, fish and healthy fats (such as from avocado and olive oil) while minimizing foods high in sugar and red meat.
Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism's life. It is the most extreme form of malnutrition.In humans, prolonged starvation can cause permanent organ damage [1] and eventually, death.
Older adults with calcium and magnesium deficiencies also had poorer cognitive performance compared to peers with adequate micronutrient levels, a recent study has found.