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  2. Reinforcement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement

    An example of negative reinforcement would be taking an aspirin to relieve a headache. Reinforcement is an important component of operant conditioning and behavior modification . The concept has been applied in a variety of practical areas, including parenting, coaching, therapy, self-help, education, and management.

  3. Operant conditioning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operant_conditioning

    Example: if a rat in a Skinner box gets food when it presses a lever, its rate of pressing will go up. Pressing the lever was positively reinforced. Negative reinforcement (a.k.a. escape) occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus, thereby increasing the original behavior's frequency. Example: A child ...

  4. Punishment (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punishment_(psychology)

    Negative reinforcement: may involve removing one from a negative situation; Intermittent or partial reinforcement: Partial or intermittent negative reinforcement can create an effective climate of fear and doubt. Partial or intermittent positive reinforcement can encourage the victim to persist - for example in most forms of gambling, the ...

  5. Functional behavior assessment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_behavior_assessment

    Automatic negative reinforcement is when a negative reinforcement occurs automatically reducing or eliminating an aversive stimulus as a reinforcing consequence of the behavior. A popular example of automatic negative reinforcement would be binge eating. Binge eating (problem behavior) had been found to temporarily reduce any unpleasant ...

  6. Three-term contingency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-term_contingency

    Reinforcing consequences increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future; it is further divided into positive and negative reinforcement. Punishing consequences decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future; like reinforcement, it is divided into positive and negative punishment. An example of punishment may ...

  7. Behavior modification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_modification

    Behavior modification was a treatment approach that used respondent and operant conditioning to change behavior. Based on methodological behaviorism, [1] overt behavior was modified with (antecedent) stimulus control and consequences, including positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, as well as positive and negative punishment, and extinction to reduce ...

  8. Avoidance response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avoidance_response

    It is a kind of negative reinforcement. An avoidance response is a behavior based on the concept that animals will avoid performing behaviors that result in an aversive outcome. This can involve learning through operant conditioning when it is used as a training technique.

  9. Learned industriousness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learned_industriousness

    Positive reinforcement is any stimulus that is presented after a behavior and increases the frequency of that behavior. Negative reinforcement is the removal of an aversive stimulus after a behavior that increases the frequency of that behavior. Both positive and negative reinforcement are effective in the development of industriousness.