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In the past, the Baikal was referred to by many Russians as the "Baikal Sea" (море Байкал, More Baikal), rather than merely "Lake Baikal" (озеро Байкал, Ozero Baikal). [131] This usage is attested already in the Life of Protopope Avvakum (1621–1682), [ 132 ] and on the late-17th-century maps by Semyon Remezov . [ 133 ]
Map of the Lake Baikal Rift Zone from the USGS factsheet. The Baikal Rift Zone is a series of continental rifts centered beneath Lake Baikal in southeastern Russia. Current strain in the rifts tends to be extending with some shear movement. A series of basins form along the zone for more than 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi), creating a rift valley.
This list does not include reservoirs; if it did, six reservoirs would appear on the list: Lake Kariba at 26th, Bratsk Reservoir, Lake Volta, Lake Nasser, Manicouagan Reservoir, and Lake Guri. Estuaries and lagoons are not included either. Examples: Lake Melville (estuary) and Lake Maracaibo (lagoon), comparable with Lagoa dos Patos.
Academician Ridge is an underwater, structural high separating two of Lake Baikal's three basins, the Central and North basins Situated in the central part of the Baikal Rift, it serves as an "accommodation zone", transferring "motion between faults of similar displacement but different orientation" (Hutchinson et al., 1992).
The Lena originates at 1,640 meters (5,381 ft) of elevation in the Baikal Mountains, 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Lake Baikal, south of the Central Siberian Plateau. The Lena flows north-east and traverses the Lena-Angara Plateau, then is joined by three tributary rivers: (i) the Kirenga, (ii) the Vitim, and (iii) the Olyokma.
It drains out of Lake Baikal and is the headwater tributary of the Yenisey. [3] It is 1,849 kilometres (1,149 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 1,039,000 square kilometres (401,000 sq mi). [1] It was formerly known as the Lower or Nizhnyaya Angara (distinguishing it from the Upper Angara). [4]
The park is managed with three other nature reserves, and is a major component of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Lake Baikal". [1] The Angara River, which is the outflow of Lake Baikal west into the Yenisei River basin, runs through the park. The park has very high levels of biodiversity and endemic species. [2]
The Upper Angara (Russian: Верхняя Ангара, Verkhnyaya Angara; Buryat: Дээдэ Ангар, Deede Angar) is a river in Buryatia, Siberia to the northeast of Lake Baikal. the third longest river in the Baikal basin. It is 438 kilometres (272 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 21,400 square kilometres (8,300 sq mi). [1]