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A grammatical case is a category of nouns and noun modifiers (determiners, adjectives, participles, and numerals) that corresponds to one or more potential grammatical functions for a nominal group in a wording. [1] In various languages, nominal groups consisting of a noun and its modifiers belong to one of a few such categories.
(Note: the case in Slavic languages termed the "locative case" in English is actually a prepositional case.) Pergressive case: vicinity: in the vicinity of the house Kamu: Pertingent case: contacting: touching the house Tlingit | Archi: Postessive case: posterior: after the house Lezgian | Agul: Subessive case: under: under/below the house Tsez ...
Afrikaans; Anarâškielâ; العربية; Aragonés; Արեւմտահայերէն; Asturianu; Azərbaycanca; Беларуская; Беларуская ...
Case grammar is a system of linguistic analysis, focusing on the link between the valence, or number of subjects, objects, etc., of a verb and the grammatical context it requires. The system was created by the American linguist Charles J. Fillmore in the context of Transformational Grammar (1968).
In linguistic typology, the case hierarchy denotes an order of grammatical cases. If a language has a particular case, it also has all cases lower than this particular case. To put it another way, if a language lacks a particular case, it is also unlikely to develop cases higher than this particular case.
In grammar, the nominative case (abbreviated NOM), subjective case, straight case, or upright case is one of the grammatical cases of a noun or other part of speech, which generally marks the subject of a verb, or (in Latin and formal variants of English) a predicative nominal or adjective, as opposed to its object, or other verb arguments.
"Dative" comes from Latin cāsus datīvus ("case for giving"), a translation of Greek δοτικὴ πτῶσις, dotikē ptôsis ("inflection for giving"). [2] Dionysius Thrax in his Art of Grammar also refers to it as epistaltikḗ "for sending (a letter)", [3] from the verb epistéllō "send to", a word from the same root as epistle.
Case roles, according to the work by Charles J. Fillmore (1967), [1] are the semantic roles of noun phrases (NP) in relation to the syntactic structures that contain these noun phrases. The term case role is most widely used for purely semantic relations, including theta roles and thematic roles, that can be independent of the morpho-syntax.