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Ocular ischemic syndrome is the constellation of ocular signs and symptoms secondary to severe, chronic arterial hypoperfusion to the eye. [1] Amaurosis fugax is a form of acute vision loss caused by reduced blood flow to the eye; it may be a warning sign of an impending stroke, as both stroke and retinal artery occlusion can be caused by thromboembolism due to atherosclerosis elsewhere in the ...
Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) is the loss of structure and function of a portion of the optic nerve due to obstruction of blood flow to the nerve (i.e. ischemia).Ischemic forms of optic neuropathy are typically classified as either anterior ischemic optic neuropathy or posterior ischemic optic neuropathy according to the part of the optic nerve that is affected.
There is no pain. Within approximately six months following the infarct, visual acuity improves by three or more lines of vision on the Snellen Chart (the chart with smaller letters on each lower line) in 42.7% of patients, while in 12.4% of patients, vision worsens by three lines.
The name non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is derived from several medical terms that describe the condition: [3] Non-arteritic: Indicates that the condition is not related to inflammation or damage of the arteries , which would be arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy .
Central retinal vein occlusion, also CRVO, is when the central retinal vein becomes occluded, usually through thrombosis.The central retinal vein is the venous equivalent of the central retinal artery and both may become occluded. [1]
Prognosis depends on the location of the bleed, the amount of bleeding, the rate of clearing of blood, whether the blood is affecting visual acuity, complications (such as corneal staining, retinal detachment, pre-retinal fibrosis, ischemic optic atrophy, or glaucoma), and the severity of involvement of the macular region.
Arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (arteritic AION, A-AION or AAION) is vision loss that occurs in giant cell arteritis (also known as temporal arteritis).Temporal arteritis is an inflammatory disease of medium-sized blood vessels that happens especially with advancing age.
The diagnosis of PION is often difficult since the optic nerves initially appear normal. The injury occurs posterior to that portion of the nerve visible during ophthalmoscopic examination. There may be an abnormal relative pupillary response (APD) if the injury is confined to one optic nerve, but often it is bilateral and the symmetry of ...