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Cashmere is a hygroscopic fiber, absorbing and releasing water from the air based on the surrounding environment. This helps regulate the body in both warm and cool temperatures. [1] A number of countries produce cashmere and have improved processing techniques over the years, but China and Mongolia are two of the leading producers as of 2019.
Cashmere derives its name from the home of the Kashmir shawl, and is often incorrectly equated with pashmina. Pashmina and cashmere both come from the Changthangi goat, but pashmina is made from a fine subset of cashmere [2] ranging from 12–16 microns, [8] whereas generic cashmere ranges from 12–21 microns. [8]
Both cashmere and pashmina come from the same goat but typical cashmere ranges from 12 to 21 microns in diameter, whereas pashmina can also refer to a cashmere and silk blend (70% / 30%) that has a typical fiber range from 12 to 16 microns.
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A cashmere goat is a type of goat that produces cashmere wool, the goat's fine, soft, downy, winter undercoat, in commercial quality and quantity. [1] This undercoat grows as the days get shorter and is associated with an outer coat of coarse hair, which is present all the year and is called guard hair.
For a different take on a cashmere sweater, reach for this cashmere polo-style from Saks Off 5th. It features a "Johnny collar," long sleeves, drop shoulders and rib-knit cuffs and hemline.
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Chiru down hair (left) and cashmere down hair (right) comparison via scanning electron microscope Chiru guard hair comparison undyed and dyed via light microscope. The average fiber diameter of the down hair is 11.45 microns with a standard deviation of 1.78 microns and a coefficient of variation of 15.55 %, and a span from 6.25 to 16.25 microns. [4]