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A 2023 scoping review of the literature found that in studies conducted in multiracial or multiethnic populations, the inclusion of race or ethnicity variables lacked thoughtful conceptualization and informative analysis regarding race or ethnicity as indicators of exposure to racialized social disadvantage, the systemic and structural barriers ...
U.S. ethnic groups can exhibit substantial average differences in disease incidence, disease severity, disease progression, and response to treatment. [31] African Americans have higher rates of mortality than does any other racial or ethnic group for 8 of the top 10 causes of death. [32]
The quality of health and how health is distributed among economic and social status in a society can provide insight into the level of development within that society. [5] Health is a basic human right and human need, and all human rights are interconnected. Thus, health must be discussed along with all other basic human rights. [6]
Conversely, economic instability, unemployment, and poverty are associated with higher rates of chronic diseases, mental health disorders, and overall poorer health status. According to Child Welfare League of America (CWLA), Economic stability is described as the ability to obtain the resources that is necessary to one's life and well-being. [3]
The sociology of race and ethnic relations is the study of social, political, and economic relations between races and ethnicities at all levels of society. This area encompasses the study of systemic racism , like residential segregation and other complex social processes between different racial and ethnic groups.
White Americans, as the largest racial group in the United States, have historically had better health outcomes than oppressed racial groups in America. [1] However, in recent years, the scholarly discourse has switched from recognition of the immense positive health outcomes of white Americans towards understanding the growing persistence of negative outcomes unique to this racial group.
By 2006, the society had broadened its scope to focus not just on reducing rates of hypertension among African Americans, but also on improving the health of all minority populations around the world. The society's official peer-reviewed journal is Ethnicity & Disease, which it has published since 1991. [2] [3]
The Hispanic paradox is an epidemiological finding that Hispanic Americans tend to have health outcomes that "paradoxically" are comparable to, or in some cases better than, those of their U.S. non-Hispanic White counterparts, even though Hispanics have lower average income and education, higher rates of disability, as well as a higher incidence of various cardiovascular risk factors and ...