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About 4% of American adults are affected by nightmare disorders. [1] Women seem to be more affected than men, the ratio being 2–4 : 1. [5] This inequality decreases with aging because of a less high prevalence in elderly women. [5] The rate of nightmares increases from ages 10–19 to 20–39, and then decreases during the ages of 50–59. [8]
Nightmares; Abnormality of cerebrospinal fluid proteins; Dysphoria [Note 35] Catatonic excitement; Narrow angle glaucoma; Optic atrophy; Pigmentary retinopathy; Amenorrhoea [Note 36] Infertility; Tardive dyskinesia [Note 37]
Also, older children and adults provide highly detailed and descriptive images associated with their sleep terrors compared to younger children, who either cannot recall or only vaguely remember. Sleep terrors in children are also more likely to occur in males than females; in adults, the ratio between sexes is equal. [ 6 ]
Recent research from the United Kingdom suggests that the onset of graphic nightmares and hallucinations, or 'daymares,' could be a sign of autoimmune conditions developing or flaring up.
The effects of the brain activity can interfere with the REM (rapid eye movement) part of sleep, where the majority of dreams and nightmares occur, which is around 90 minutes into sleep. REM is ...
Late-life depression refers to depression occurring in older adults and has diverse presentations, including as a recurrence of early-onset depression, a new diagnosis of late-onset depression, and a mood disorder resulting from a separate medical condition, substance use, or medication regimen. [1]
A 2004 study found people who slept on their left side had more nightmares. The research found about 41 percent of left-side sleepers had nightmares, compared to 14.6 percent of right-side sleepers.
A separate meta-analysis focusing on this sleeping disorder in the elderly mentions that those with more than one physical or psychiatric malady experience it at a 60% higher rate than those with one condition or less. It also notes a higher prevalence of insomnia in women over the age of 50 than their male counterparts. [71]