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New Projects for Rocket and Space Travel) [3] and 1978 „Der Weltraumspiegel“ (The Space Mirror). [4] For cost reasons, Hermann Oberth's concept envisages that the components should be produced from lunar minerals on the Moon, because its lower gravitational pull requires less energy to launch the components into lunar Orbit.
The episode's title alludes to H. G. Wells' novel published in 1914, The World Set Free, where Wells predicts that humanity will develop destructive nuclear weapons, perpetuating a devastating global war and forcing the world to come to its senses to create a peaceful society that harnesses the power of atomic energy.
A 2022 concept by MIT Senseable City Lab proposes using thin-film structures ("space bubbles") manufactured in outer space to solve the problem of launching the required mass to space. [18] MIT scientists led by Carlo Ratti believe deflecting 1.8 percent of solar radiation can fully reverse climate change.
Schematic with five proposed methods for solar radiation modification technologies. Solar radiation modification (SRM) (or solar radiation management or solar geoengineering), is a group of large-scale approaches to limit global warming by increasing the amount of sunlight (solar radiation) that is reflected away from Earth and back to space.
As a method to address global warming, the IPCC 2018 report indicated that the potential for global temperature reduction was "small," yet was in high agreement over the recognition of temperature changes of 1-3 °C on a regional scale. [1] Limited application of reflective surfaces can mitigate urban heat island effect. [6]
The project was the brain child of Vladimir Syromyatnikov, who served as the project's lead engineer. [1] Originally devised as a solar sail, Syromyatnikov pivoted to using the proposed hardware as a space mirror. The project consisted of two experiments: the Znamya 2 experiment and the failed Znamya 2.5, plus the proposed Znamya 3.
Since the conception of the idea in 1923, 1929, 1957 and 1978 (Hermann Oberth) and also in the 1980s, space mirrors have mainly been theorized as a way to deflect sunlight to counter global warming and were seriously considered in the 2000s.
This so-called "sun gun" (Sonnengewehr) would be part of a space station 8,200 kilometres (5,100 mi) above Earth. The scientists calculated that a huge reflector, made of metallic sodium and with an area of 9 square kilometres (900 ha; 3.5 sq mi), could produce enough focused heat to make an ocean boil or burn a city. [ 1 ]