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The COPII coat consists of an inner layer – a flexible meshwork of Sar1, Sec23, and Sec24 – and an outer layer made of Sec13 and Sec31. [1] Sar1 resembles other Ras-family GTPases, with a core of six beta strands flanked by three alpha helices , and two flexible "switch domains".
Electron micrograph of in vitro–formed COPI-coated vesicles. Average vesicle diameter at the membrane level is 60 nm. COPI is a coatomer, a protein complex [1] that coats vesicles transporting proteins from the cis end of the Golgi complex back to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they were originally synthesized, and between Golgi compartments.
COPII is a coatomer that coats the vesicles transporting proteins from the ER to the golgi complex. [4] This pathway is referred to as anterograde transport. [ 4 ] The first step in the COPII pathway is the recruitment of a small GTPase named Sar1 to the ER membrane. [ 9 ]
The involvement of the heterotetramer of COPI is similar to that of the AP/clathrin situation, but the coat of COPI is not closely related to the coats of either CCVs or COPII vesicles. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] AP-5 is associated with 2 proteins, SPG11 and SPG15 , which have some structural similarity to clathrin , and may form the coat around the AP-5 ...
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Coat may also refer to: Coat, a layer of a certain substance, usually paint; Animal coat, the natural fur coat of an animal Dog coat, the natural hair coat of a dog; Coat of arms, a heraldic design used to identify a nation, city, family, or individual; Lounge coat, another term for the lounge jacket as part of a lounge suit