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2. Fluting (architecture) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluting_(architecture)

   The large columns at Persepolis have as many as 40 or 48 flutes, with smaller columns elsewhere 32; the width of a flute is kept fairly constant, so the number of flutes increases with the girth of the column, in contrast to the Greek practice of keeping the number of flutes on a column constant and varying the width of the flute. [15]

3. Dowel - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowel

   The sharp edges of the hole shear off the excess wood. [1] [2] [3] A second approach to cutting dowels is to rotate a piece of oversized stock past a fixed knife, or alternatively, to rotate the knife around the stock. Machines based on this principle emerged in the 19th century. [4] [5] Frequently, these are small bench-mounted tools. [6] [7]

4. Column - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column

   [4] [5] In the case of free-standing columns, the decorative elements atop the shaft are known as a finial. Modern columns may be constructed out of steel, poured or precast concrete, or brick, left bare or clad in an architectural covering, or veneer. Used to support an arch, an impost, or pier, is the topmost member of a column. The bottom ...

5. Engaged column - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engaged_column

   Engaged columns embedded in a side wall of the cella of the Maison Carrée, Nîmes, France, unknown architect, 2nd century. An engaged column is an architectural element in which a column is embedded in a wall and partly projecting from the surface of the wall, which may or may not carry a partial structural load.

6. Ionic order - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_order

   The Ionic anta capital, in contrast to the regular column capitals, is highly decorated and generally includes bands of alternating lotuses and flame palmettes, and bands of eggs and darts and beads and reels patterns, in order to maintain continuity with the decorative frieze lining the top of the walls. This difference with the column ...

7. Decorative arts - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorative_arts

   The decorative arts are arts or crafts whose aim is the design and manufacture of objects that are both beautiful and functional. This includes most of the objects for the interiors of buildings, as well as interior design , but typically excludes architecture .