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Two enantiomers of a generic amino acid that is chiral. Chirality (/ k aɪ ˈ r æ l ɪ t i /) is a property of asymmetry important in several branches of science. The word chirality is derived from the Greek χείρ (kheir), "hand", a familiar chiral object.
A general definition of chirality based on group theory exists. [2] It does not refer to any orientation concept: an isometry is direct if and only if it is a product of squares of isometries, and if not, it is an indirect isometry. The resulting chirality definition works in spacetime. [3] [4]
On the other hand, an organic compound with multiple stereogenic carbons is typically, but not always, chiral. In particular, if the stereocenters are configured in such a way that the molecule can take a conformation having a plane of symmetry or an inversion point, then the molecule is achiral and is known as a meso compound.
Chemical compounds that come as mirror-image pairs are referred to by chemists as chiral or handed molecules. [1] Each twin is called an enantiomer. Drugs that exhibit handedness are referred to as chiral drugs. Chiral drugs that are equimolar (1:1) mixture of enantiomers are called racemic drugs and these are obviously devoid of optical rotation.
In mathematics, and especially in geometry, an object has icosahedral symmetry if it has the same symmetries as a regular icosahedron. Examples of other polyhedra with icosahedral symmetry include the regular dodecahedron (the dual of the icosahedron) and the rhombic triacontahedron .
Spiro compounds (compounds with a twisted structure of two or more rings) can have inherent chirality at the spiroatom, due to the twisting of the achiral ring system. Inherently chiral alkenes have been synthesized through the use of a "buckle" where in an achiral, linear alkene is forced into a chiral conformation.
Also 2d chirality can arise from the relative arrangement of different (achiral) components. In particular, oblique illumination of any planar periodic structure will result in extrinsic 2d chirality, except for the special cases where the plane of incidence is either parallel or perpendicular to a line of mirror symmetry of the structure ...
ORD is a curve obtained by plotting the measured optical activity of a chiral compound as a function of the wavelength of the light used. Distinguish between enantiomers and from the racemate; (+) from (-) and (±) Circular dichroism (CD) CD measures the differential absorption of left and right circularly polarized light by a chiral compound.