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  2. Pi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi

    The number π (/ p aɪ / ⓘ; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.

  3. List of formulae involving π - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_formulae_involving_π

    More formulas of this nature can be given, as explained by Ramanujan's theory of elliptic functions to alternative bases. Perhaps the most notable hypergeometric inversions are the following two examples, involving the Ramanujan tau function τ {\displaystyle \tau } and the Fourier coefficients j {\displaystyle \mathrm {j} } of the J-invariant ...

  4. Mathematical constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_constant

    The circumference of a circle with diameter 1 is π.. A mathematical constant is a number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a special symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]

  5. Leibniz formula for π - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leibniz_formula_for_π

    In mathematics, the Leibniz formula for π, named after Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, states that = + + = = +,. an alternating series.. It is sometimes called the Madhava–Leibniz series as it was first discovered by the Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama or his followers in the 14th–15th century (see Madhava series), [1] and was later independently rediscovered by James Gregory in ...

  6. Pi function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_function

    (Pi function) – the gamma function when offset to coincide with the factorial Rectangular function π ( n ) {\displaystyle \pi (n)\,\!} – the Pisano period

  7. Category:Pi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Pi

    This category includes articles related to the mathematical constant pi (π), which represents the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. For other uses, see Pi (disambiguation) . The main article for this category is Pi .

  8. Euler's identity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_identity

    is pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. Euler's identity is named after the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler . It is a special case of Euler's formula e i x = cos ⁡ x + i sin ⁡ x {\displaystyle e^{ix}=\cos x+i\sin x} when evaluated for x = π {\displaystyle x=\pi } .

  9. Proof that π is irrational - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_that_π_is_irrational

    In the 1760s, Johann Heinrich Lambert was the first to prove that the number π is irrational, meaning it cannot be expressed as a fraction /, where and are both integers. ...