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Anthropocentrism is believed by some to be the central problematic concept in environmental philosophy, [3] where it is used to draw attention to claims of a systematic bias in traditional Western attitudes to the non-human world [8] that shapes humans' sense of self and identities. [9]
Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities. [1] It is considered to be an innate tendency of human psychology. [ 2 ] Personification is the related attribution of human form and characteristics to abstract concepts such as nations, emotions, and natural forces, such as seasons and weather.
Anthropocentrism is the privileging of humans as "subjects" over and against nonhuman beings as "objects". Philosophical anthropocentrism tends to limit certain attributes (e.g., mind, autonomy, moral agency, reason) to humans, while contrasting all other beings as variations of "object" (that is, things that obey deterministic laws, impulses, stimuli, instincts, and so on).
Ecocentrism (/ ˌ ɛ k oʊ ˈ s ɛ n t r ɪ z əm /; from Greek: οἶκος oikos, 'house' and κέντρον kentron, 'center') is a term used by environmental philosophers and ecologists to denote a nature-centered, as opposed to human-centered (i.e., anthropocentric), system of values.
In his most recent work, Butchvarov argues that anthropocentrism in philosophy, though common, is deeply paradoxical. Ethics investigates the human good (including happiness and pleasure), epistemology investigates human knowledge (including perception and conceptualization), and antirealist metaphysics holds that the world depends on our ...
Val Plumwood (11 August 1939 – 29 February 2008) was an Australian philosopher and ecofeminist known for her work on anthropocentrism.From the 1970s, she played a central role in the development of radical ecosophy.
Anthropopathism (from Greek ἄνθρωπος anthropos, "human" and πάθος pathos, "suffering") is the attribution of human emotions, or the ascription of human feelings or passions to a non-human being, generally to a deity.
Environmental philosophy emerged as a branch of philosophy in 1970s. Early environmental philosophers include Seyyed Hossein Nasr , Richard Routley , Arne Næss , and J. Baird Callicott . The movement was an attempt to connect with humanity's sense of alienation from nature in a continuing fashion throughout history. [ 4 ]