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Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈalβaɾ ˈnuɲeθ kaˈβeθa ðe ˈβaka] ⓘ; c. 1488/90/92 [1] – after 19 May 1559 [2]) was a Spanish explorer of the New World, and one of four survivors of the 1527 Narváez expedition.
Cabeza de Vaca was a follower of Cardinal Antonio Zapata y Cisneros, who was Viceroy of Naples from 1620 to 1622. [ 2 ] On 20 November 1623, Diego Cabeza de Vaca was appointed during the papacy of Pope Urban VIII as Bishop of Crotone . [ 1 ]
From 1527, Cabeza de Vaca subsisted for seven years among the coastal tribes, making a living as a medical practitioner and occasional trader. [6] During his stay, de Vaca reported that a fatal stomach ailment reduced the Karankawa population by roughly one half; the nature and casualties resulting from this illness are unknown. [27]
Portrait of adelantado [note 1] Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, who introduced the India Juliana in a 1545 account presented to the Council of the Indies.. Although the historical references about the India Juliana are brief, they establish a strong counterpoint with the more usual representations of Guaraní women in the early-colonial sources of the Río de la Plata region. [3]
Estevanico (c. 1500 –1539), also known as Mustafa Azemmouri and Esteban de Dorantes and Estevanico the Moor, was the first person of African descent to explore North America. He was one of the last four survivors of the Narváez expedition, along with Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, Andrés Dorantes de Carranza, and Alonso del Castillo Maldonado.
To the Spanish this meant that the Indians were civilized beings who might be made Christian. Rodríguez got permission from Spanish authorities "for the purpose of preaching the Holy Gospel." Rodríguez apparently had little familiarity with Coronado's expedition but had read the account of Cabeza de Vaca. [1]
Religion; Christianity, Indigenous religion: Related ethnic groups; ... Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca wrote about the Akokisa in 1528, calling them the "Han." [3]
An old man who said he had previously met Spaniards, probably Cabeza de Vaca, gives credence to a southern origin of the Teyas. The ethnic identification of the Teyas may never be determined, but, if so, it would be most useful in untangling the complexities of the protohistorical period on the Southern Plains.