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It is believed that there is specificity in the solid-liquid metal combinations experiencing LME. [7] There should be limited mutual solubilities for the metal couple to cause embrittlement. Excess solubility makes sharp crack propagation difficult, but no solubility condition prevents wetting of the solid surfaces by liquid metal and prevents LME.
Metal induced embrittlement occurs when metals are in contact with low-melting point metals while under tensile stress. The embrittler can be either solid or liquid (liquid metal embrittlement). Under sufficient tensile stress, MIE failure occurs instantaneously at temperatures just above melting point. For temperatures below the melting ...
Adsorption embrittlement is the embrittlement caused by wetting. Liquid metal embrittlement (LME) is the embrittlement caused by liquid metals. Metal-induced embrittlement (MIE) is the embrittlement caused by diffusion of atoms of metal, either solid or liquid, into the material. For example, cadmium coating on high-strength steel, which was ...
Corrosion during service in moist environments generates hydrogen, part of which may enter the metal as atomic hydrogen (H •) and cause embrittlement. Presence of a tensile stress, either inherent or externally applied, is necessary for metals to be damaged. As in the case of stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen embrittlement may also lead to ...
Hydrogen embrittlement – Reduction in ductility of a metal exposed to hydrogen; Ozone cracking – Cracks in many different elastomers due to ozone attack; Polymer degradation – Alteration in the polymer properties under the influence of environmental factors; Season cracking – Form of stress-corrosion cracking of brass cartridge cases
Induction heating is a non contact heating process which uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to produce heat inside the surface layer of a work-piece. By placing a conductive material into a strong alternating magnetic field, electric current can be made to flow in the material thereby creating heat due to the I 2 R losses in the material.
Some of the most popular failure models in this area are the micromechanical failure models, which combine the advantages of continuum mechanics and classical fracture mechanics. [1] Such models are based on the concept that during plastic deformation , microvoids nucleate and grow until a local plastic neck or fracture of the intervoid matrix ...
Calculated metastable miscibility gap in the Fe-Cr binary system (remake of [16] [17]) [1]. Duplex stainless steel can have limited toughness due to its large ferritic grain size, and its tendencies to hardening and embrittlement, i.e., loss of plasticity, at temperatures ranging from 250 to 550 °C (482 to 1,022 °F), especially at 475 °C (887 °F). [18]