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Cholera officially became the first reportable disease in the United States due to the significant effects it had on health. [17] John Snow , in England , in 1854 was the first to identify the importance of contaminated water as its source of transmission. [ 17 ]
The main side effects that could be experienced include mild abdominal pain or diarrhea. [10] The first cholera vaccines were developed in the late 19th century. [16] They were the first widely used vaccines that were made in a laboratory but were largely abandoned in the 1970s due to their then-documented reactogenicity and poor efficacy. [16]
The bacterium as the cause of cholera was discovered by Robert Koch in 1884. Sambhu Nath De isolated the cholera toxin and demonstrated the toxin as the cause of cholera in 1959. The bacterium has a flagellum (a tail like structure) at one pole and several pili throughout its cell surface. It undergoes respiratory and fermentative metabolism.
Cholera toxin (also known as choleragen and sometimes abbreviated to CTX, Ctx or CT) is an AB5 multimeric protein complex secreted by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] CTX is responsible for the massive, watery diarrhea characteristic of cholera infection. [ 3 ]
A cholera outbreak in Syria has already killed at least 33 people, posing a danger across the frontlines of the country's 11-year-long war and stirring fears in crowded camps for the displaced.
Cholera had killed 1,002 people as of Tuesday, while 1,115 people were hospitalized from the outbreak that started in March 2022, Minister of Health Khumbize Kandodo Chiponda said.
The sixth cholera pandemic, which was due to the classical strain of O1, had little effect in western Europe because of advances in sanitation and public health, but major Russian cities and the Ottoman Empire particularly suffered a high rate of cholera deaths. More than 500,000 people died of cholera in Russia from 1900 to 1925, which was a ...
Dozens of escaped residents of the besieged town of al-Hilaliya in Sudan's El Gezira state have tested positive for cholera, a medical source told Reuters, in a development that provides a likely ...