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Occult macular dystrophy (OMD) is a rare inherited degradation of the retina, characterized by progressive loss of function in the most sensitive part of the central retina , the location of the highest concentration of light-sensitive cells (photoreceptors) but presenting no visible abnormality.
Ocular OCT retinal thickness map, right eye Time-domain OCT of the macular area of a retina at 800 nm, axial resolution 3 μm Spectral-domain OCT macula cross-section scan. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a technique for obtaining sub-surface images of translucent or opaque materials at a resolution equivalent to a low-power microscope.
A short scan time prevents too much patient movement during signal acquisition. With the development of Fourier-domain OCT, spectral-domain OCT, and swept source signal acquisition time was greatly improved making OCTA possible. [40] OCTA scan time is now around three seconds, however, saccadic eye movement still causes a low signal-to-noise ratio.
This is a noninvasive procedure where patients rest their chin and focus on a green light within the machine. [11] Eye dryness and fatigue are the limited risks associated with this scan. [11] Other diseases that can be diagnosed using OCT are glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetes-related retinopathy. [11]
Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy developed as a method to view a distinct layer of the living eye at the microscopic level. The use of confocal methods to diminish extra light by focusing detected light through a small pinhole made possible the imaging of individual layers of the retina with greater distinction than ever before. [4]
The Heidelberg Retinal Tomography is a diagnostic procedure used in ophthalmology.The Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) is an ophthalmological confocal point scanning laser ophthalmoscope [1] for examining the cornea and certain areas of the retina using different diagnostic modules (HRT retina, HRT cornea, HRT glaucoma).
The procedure is safe and effective for treating indicated retinal disorders, such as tears and glaucoma. It is typically an outpatient procedure lasting 15 to 20 minutes. The procedure is not entirely without risk. Damage will occur to light sensitive cells of the retina cauterised by the laser which will result in some loss of vision.
Age-related macular degeneration is the third main cause of blindness worldwide, and it is the leading cause of blindness in industrialized countries. [4] Indocyanine green angiography is widely used to study choroidal neovascularization in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration. [ 5 ]