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Cat-headed deity Bastet. In ancient Egypt, cats were represented in social and religious scenes dating as early as 1980 BC. [2] Several ancient Egyptian deities were depicted and sculptured with cat-like heads such as Mafdet, Bastet and Sekhmet, representing justice, fertility, and power, respectively. [3]
Many of them ruled over natural and social phenomena, as well as abstract concepts [1] These gods and goddesses appear in virtually every aspect of ancient Egyptian civilization, and more than 1,500 of them are known by name. Many Egyptian texts mention deities' names without indicating their character or role, while other texts refer to ...
What the name of the goddess means remains uncertain. [6] Names of ancient Egyptian deities often were represented as references to associations or with euphemisms, being cult secrets. One recent suggestion by Stephen Quirke (Ancient Egyptian Religion) explains Bastet as meaning, "She of the ointment jar". [9]
In Egyptian mythology, Sekhmet (/ ˈ s ɛ k ˌ m ɛ t / [1] or Sachmis / ˈ s æ k m ɪ s /, from Ancient Egyptian: 𓌂𓐍𓏏𓁐, romanized: Saḫmat [2] [3]; Coptic: Ⲥⲁⲭⲙⲓ, romanized: Sakhmi) is a warrior goddess as well as goddess of medicine. Sekhmet is also a solar deity, sometimes given the epithet 'the eye of Ra'.
Egyptian texts list the names of many deities whose nature is unknown, and make vague, indirect references to other gods who are not even named. [2] The Egyptologist James P. Allen estimates that more than 1,400 deities are named in Egyptian texts, [3] whereas his colleague Christian Leitz says there are "thousands upon thousands" of gods. [4]
Min, ancient Egyptian god of fertility and lettuce. Amun, creator-god, associated with fertility; Bastet, cat goddess sometimes associated with fertility; Hathor, goddess of music, beauty, love, sexuality and fertility; Heqet, frog-goddess of fertility; Heryshaf, god of creation and fertility; Isis, goddess of motherhood, magic and fertility
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Neith, goddess of war and the hunt; Pakhet, a lioness huntress deity, whom the Greeks associated with Artemis; Wepwawet, god of hunting and war, along with funerary practices; Bastet, a cat goddess and natural hunter of reptiles and rodents. Greeks often associated her with Artemis, giving her the name Ailuros.