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The Maddox rod test can be used to subjectively detect and measure a latent, manifest, horizontal or vertical strabismus for near and distance. The test is based on the principle of diplopic projection. [1] Dissociation of the deviation is brought about by presenting a red line image to one eye and a white light to the other, while prisms are ...
The Four Prism Dioptre Reflex Test (also known as the 4 PRT, or 4 Prism Dioptre Base-out Test) is an objective, non-dissociative test used to prove the alignment of both eyes (i.e. the presence of binocular single vision) by assessing motor fusion. [1] Through the use of a 4 dioptre base out prism, diplopia is induced which is the driving force ...
The prism fusion range ( PFR) or fusional vergence amplitude is a clinical eye test performed by orthoptists, optometrists, and ophthalmologists to assess motor fusion, specifically the extent to which a patient can maintain binocular single vision ( BSV) in the presence of increasing vergence demands. Motor fusion is largely accounted to ...
The prism cover test ( PCT) is an objective measurement and the gold standard in measuring strabismus, i.e. ocular misalignment, or a deviation of the eye. [1] It is used by ophthalmologists and orthoptists in order to measure the vertical and horizontal deviation and includes both manifest and latent components. [1]
Additionally, they often require the driver to confirm distant signals (e.g. CAWS) that show stop or caution – failure to do so results in the train stopping. More advanced systems (e.g., PZB, and ZUB) calculate a braking curve that determines if the train can stop before the next red signal, and if not they brake the train. They require that ...
Esotropia is a form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward. The condition can be constantly present, or occur intermittently, and can give the affected individual a "cross-eyed" appearance. [1] It is the opposite of exotropia and usually involves more severe axis deviation than esophoria. Esotropia is sometimes erroneously called ...
Canadian Singles Chart: January 2007 – May 2007. U2's "The Saints Are Coming" spent 3 weeks at number-one, where it was then replaced by the band's "Window in the Skies", which spent another 8 weeks at number-one. Thirty Seconds to Mars' "The Kill" reached number-one for two weeks in March. Nine Inch Nails' "Survivalism" was number-one for 5 ...
The Canadian. two trains per week in each direction off peak, one extra train per week between Edmonton and Vancouver on peak. The Canadian ( French: Le Canadien) is a transcontinental passenger train operated by Via Rail with service between Union Station in Toronto, Ontario, and Pacific Central Station in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.