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A life-cycle assessment of the chemical considers the long-term effects a chemical will have on human health and the environment, as well as the ethical and social effects of chemical use. Examples include the addition of greenhouse gas emissions from the use of a chemical or carcinogenic effects of a chemical after prolonged usage.
The concern about overexploitation, while relatively recent in the annals of modern environmental awareness, traces back to ancient practices embedded in human history. Contrary to the notion that overexploitation is an exclusively contemporary issue, the phenomenon has been documented for millennia and is not limited to human activities alone.
This is often accompanied by negative effects of economic growth around the affected areas such as inequality and pollution [3] The exploitation of natural resources started to emerge on an industrial scale in the 19th century as the extraction and processing of raw materials (such as in mining , steam power , and machinery ) expanded much ...
Environmental chemists draw on a range of concepts from chemistry and various environmental sciences to assist in their study of what is happening to a chemical species in the environment. Important general concepts from chemistry include understanding chemical reactions and equations, solutions, units, sampling, and analytical techniques. [1]
As per the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment of 2005, land degradation is in defined as "the reduction or loss of the biological or economic productivity of drylands". [6] A similar definition states that land degradation is the "degradation, impoverishment and long-term loss of ecosystem services".
Adverse human health effects have been associated with a compound. There is an established relationship between the positive and negative effect(s) of the compound. Emerging contaminants are those which have not previously been detected through water quality analysis, or have been found in small concentrations with uncertainty as to their effects.
Chemical safety includes all safety policies, procedures and practices designed to minimize the risk of exposure to potentially hazardous chemicals.This includes the risks of exposure to persons handling the chemicals, to the surrounding environment, and to the communities and ecosystems within that environment. [1]
The result of that effort was the Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act, passed by the Senate on December 17, 2015. The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Modernization Act of 2015 (H.R. 2576), passed the House of Representatives on June 23, 2015. [ 10 ]