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Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a type of venous thrombosis involving the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, most commonly in the legs or pelvis. [9] [a] A minority of DVTs occur in the arms. [11] Symptoms can include pain, swelling, redness, and enlarged veins in the affected area, but some DVTs have no symptoms. [1]
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein. It most commonly affects leg veins, such as the femoral vein. Three factors are important in the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein—these are: the rate of blood flow, the thickness of the blood and; qualities of the vessel wall.
external rotation of the hip causes pain Peabody's sign: C.N. Peabody: internal medicine: deep vein thrombosis: calf muscle spasm when raising the affected leg with the foot extended Pemberton's sign: Hugh Pemberton: thoracic surgery: retrosternal mass with superior vena cava syndrome
Treatment for PCD includes immediate anticoagulation, fluid resuscitation, bed rest, limb elevation above 60º, limb wrap to reduce pain and edema, and either catheter-based thrombolysis, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, or surgical venous thrombectomy +/- fasciotomy to remove the blood clot.
Signs and symptoms of DVT in general are not sufficiently sensitive or specific to make a diagnosis, being helpful only to help determine the likelihood of a DVT (with the use of a clinical prediction rule such as the Wells score). [5] There may exist some concern that eliciting this sign may be dangerous and that it should not be elicited. [6] [7]
Therefore, for intact, or mostly intact bone and soft tissue, and without a history of joint replacement revisions; a 1 step exchange is the treatment of choice. [4] In the case of hip PJIs both kinds of surgery are equally effective but one-stage surgery results in faster recovery. [5] [6] [7]
The risks of infection and blood clots are always present, and Ganz and his colleagues cite complications such as heterotopic ossification (new bone formation around the hip), nerve injuries, failure of the greater trochanter to heal back properly, persistent pain following the formation of scar tissue in the hip joint, and a small risk of ...
Other symptoms may include fever and decreased urine output. [2] The risk of death is about 10%. [2] Fat embolism most commonly occurs as a result of fractures of bones such as the femur or pelvis. [3] [1] Other potential causes include pancreatitis, orthopedic surgery, bone marrow transplant, and liposuction.
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