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Benedetti has been credited as being partly responsible for the increasing respectability of research into the placebo effect. [14] A review of his book Placebo Effects: Understanding the mechanisms in health and disease in the New England Journal of Medicine stated that he runs "the foremost laboratory for the study of placebo effects in the world."
An influential 1955 study entitled The Powerful Placebo firmly established the idea that placebo effects were clinically important, [22] and were a result of the brain's role in physical health. A 1997 reassessment found no evidence of any placebo effect in the source data, as the study had not accounted for regression to the mean. [35] [34] [98]
Henry K. Beecher's 1955 paper The Powerful Placebo was the first to use the term "placebo effect", which he contrasts with drug effects. [29] Beecher suggested placebo effects occurred in about 35% of people. However, this paper has been criticized for failing to distinguish the placebo effect from other factors, and for thereby encouraging an ...
Dubbed open-label placebo, these transparent interactions might hold promise as non-drug treatments with the potential to reduce reliance on medications with negative or addictive side effects.
Kirsch’s analysis of the effectiveness of antidepressants was an outgrowth of his interest in the placebo effect. His first meta-analysis was aimed at assessing the size of the placebo effect in the treatment of depression. [7] The results not only showed a sizeable placebo effect, but also indicated that the drug effect was surprisingly small.
Autosuggestion is a psychological technique related to the placebo effect, developed by pharmacist Émile Coué at the beginning of the 20th century. It is a form of self-induced suggestion in which individuals guide their own thoughts, feelings, or behavior. The technique is often used in self-hypnosis. [1]
The nocebo effect is fairly common, experts say, but it’s difficult to quantify how common it is, partly because (unlike the placebo effect) it is rarely discussed in the context of clinical ...
Ambiguity effect; Assembly bonus effect; Audience effect; Baader–Meinhof effect; Barnum effect; Bezold effect; Birthday-number effect; Boomerang effect; Bouba/kiki effect; Bystander effect; Cheerleader effect; Cinderella effect; Cocktail party effect; Contrast effect; Coolidge effect; Crespi effect; Cross-race effect; Curse of knowledge ...