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Communities may have seasonally migrated between caves, but most of the raw materials Neanderthals used were collected within only 5 km (3.1 mi) of a site. Indicated by frequent evidence of stunted growth and traumatic injuries, Neanderthals lived harsh lives, which may be implicated in the 150,000 year stagnation in Neanderthal stone tool ...
Neanderthals became extinct around 40,000 years ago. Hypotheses on the causes of the extinction include violence, transmission of diseases from modern humans which Neanderthals had no immunity to, competitive replacement, extinction by interbreeding with early modern human populations, natural catastrophes, climate change and inbreeding depression.
Neanderthals also consumed a variety of plants and mushrooms across their range. [97] [98] They possibly employed a wide range of cooking techniques, such as roasting, [99] smoking, [100] and curing. [101] Neanderthals competed with several large carnivores, but also seem to have hunted them down, namely cave lions, wolves, and cave bears. [102]
What did Neanderthals eat? Were they carnivorous, or did they also chow down on vegetables and mushrooms?
A big question plaguing paleoanthropologists - that is, people who study ancient humans - is just when did Neanderthals disappear? Most thought our early human ancestors went extinct about 30,000 ...
In February 2019, scientists reported evidence, based on isotope studies, that at least some Neanderthals may have eaten meat. [21] [22] [23] Nonetheless, instead of diet dominated by meat eating, the genetic and microbiological evidence from dental calculus implies reliance on mushrooms, pine nuts and a species of moss.
Remains of 10 Neanderthals - seven adults and three infants - were dug up there six decades ago, offering insight into the physical characteristics, behavior and diet of this species.
Cooking could also kill parasites, reduce the amount of energy required for chewing and digestion, and release more nutrients from plants and meat. Due to the difficulty of chewing raw meat and digesting tough proteins (e.g. collagen) and carbohydrates, the development of cooking served as an effective mechanism to process meat efficiently and ...