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If the instrument stands on level ground, so that the observer's eye is always at the same height, and if the interval between two successive spikes is equal to one-tenth of their altitude above the eye-level of the observer, one only needs to multiply the time required for the cloud to pass over one interval by 10 to determine the time the ...
A ceilometer is a device that uses a laser or other light source to determine the height of a cloud ceiling or cloud base. [1] Ceilometers can also be used to measure the aerosol concentration within the atmosphere. [2] A ceilometer that uses laser light is a type of atmospheric lidar (light detection and ranging) instrument. [3] [4]
Measure Earth's mean and time-variable gravity field Aqua: 4 May 2002 4 May 2008 Active Vandenberg: NASA Collect water information in the Earth system ICESat: 12 January 2003 14 August 2010 Vandenberg: NASA: Measuring ice sheet mass balance, cloud and aerosol heights, and land topography and vegetation characteristics SORCE: 25 January 2003 25 ...
In meteorology, an okta is a unit of measurement used to describe the amount of cloud cover at any given location such as a weather station. Sky conditions are estimated in terms of how many eighths of the sky are covered in cloud , ranging from 0 oktas (completely clear sky) through to 8 oktas (completely overcast ).
Although clouds can exist within a wide range of altitudes, typical cloud cover has a base at approximately 4,000m and extends up to an altitude of about 5,000m. [9] Clouds height can vary depending on latitude; with cloud cover in polar latitudes being slightly lower and in tropical regions the cloud cover may extend up to 8,000m.
The observer looks through the eyepiece and sets the sight onto the spot projected on the cloud and reads the height from the attached scale. When the cloud is thin the beam of light may penetrate into the cloud. The observer should read the scale where the light first enters the cloud and not at the top.
A pyranometer is a type of actinometer used to measure broadband solar irradiance on a planar surface and is a sensor that is designed to measure the solar radiation flux density (in watts per metre square) from a field of view of 180 degrees. A ceilometer is a device that uses a laser or other light source to determine the height of a cloud ...
The first weather satellite, Vanguard 2, was launched on February 17, 1959. [4] It was designed to measure cloud cover and resistance, but a poor axis of rotation and its elliptical orbit kept it from collecting a notable amount of useful data. The Explorer 6 and Explorer 7 satellites also contained weather-related experiments. [3]