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Shigellosis (Historically the disease usually referred to as Dysentery) is an infection of the intestines caused by Shigella bacteria. [1] [3] Symptoms generally start one to two days after exposure and include diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, and feeling the need to pass stools even when the bowels are empty. [1]
Giardiasis is a parasitic disease caused by Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia and G. intestinalis). [3] Infected individuals who experience symptoms (about 10% have no symptoms) may have diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. [1]
While many different things can cause diarrhea—including infections or a more serious gastrointestinal condition—in most cases, it will go away after a few days without the need for treatment.
Shigella is a leading cause of bacterial diarrhea worldwide, with 80–165 million annual cases (estimated) [6] and 74,000 to 600,000 deaths. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It is one of the top four pathogens that cause moderate-to-severe diarrhea in African and South Asian children.
There are many causes of infectious diarrhea, which include viruses, bacteria and parasites. [29] Infectious diarrhea is frequently referred to as gastroenteritis. [30] Norovirus is the most common cause of viral diarrhea in adults, [31] but rotavirus is the most common cause in children under five years old. [32]
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes vomiting and diarrhea—and sometimes at the same time, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Campylobacter is a type of bacteria that can cause a diarrheal disease in people. [1] Its name means "curved bacteria", as the germ typically appears in a comma or "s" shape. According to its scientific classification, it is a genus of gram-negative bacteria that is motile. [a] [2] The germ is common in nature and in domestic animals.
Norovirus, sometimes called the “winter vomiting disease” or “two-bucket disease” — because it causes both vomiting and diarrhea — is on the rise across the nation, even as seasonal ...