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An orbital blowout fracture is a traumatic deformity of the orbital floor or medial wall that typically results from the impact of a blunt object larger than the orbital aperture, or eye socket. [1] Most commonly this results in a herniation of orbital contents through the orbital fractures. [ 1 ]
Blowout fracture of the orbit is caused by blunt trauma, classically described for fist or ball injury, leading to fracture of the floor or medial wall of the orbit due to sudden increased pressure on the orbital contents. Muscular Entrapment Fracture of the orbital bones can lead to muscular entrapment limiting gaze in one direction.
When zygoma fractures occur, the most typical symptoms are paresthesias in the upper lip, nose, cheek, and lower eyelid, diplopia, and pain.Particular physical characteristics that support zygomatic fracture include globe injury, impaired ocular motility, globe malposition, orbital emphysema, trismus, palpable stepoffs at the inferior or upper lateral edge of the orbit, reduced feeling ...
For example, fractures of the orbital floor or medial orbital wall of the eye can entrap the medial rectus or inferior rectus muscles. [29] In facial wounds, tear ducts and nerves of the face may be damaged. [3] Fractures of the frontal bone can interfere with the drainage of the frontal sinus and can cause sinusitis. [30]
It should not be confused with its opposite, exophthalmos, which is the anterior displacement of the eye. It may be a congenital anomaly, or be acquired as a result of trauma (such as in a blowout fracture of the orbit), Horner's syndrome (apparent enophthalmos due to ptosis), Marfan syndrome, Duane's syndrome, silent sinus syndrome or phthisis ...
Symptoms of an open-globe injury include eye pain, foreign body sensation, eye redness, and blurry or double vision. [9] While globe injuries are commonly associated with peri-ocular trauma that may obstruct diagnosis, [4] several signs suggest open-globe damage: Visible corneal or scleral laceration; Sub-conjunctival hemorrhage; Protruding ...
Superior orbital fissure syndrome, also known as Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome, [4] [5] is a neurological disorder that results if the superior orbital fissure is fractured. Involvement of the cranial nerves that pass through the superior orbital fissure may lead to diplopia , paralysis of extraocular muscles, exophthalmos , and ptosis .
Idiopathic orbital inflammatory (IOI) disease refers to a marginated mass-like enhancing soft tissue involving any area of the orbit.It is the most common painful orbital mass in the adult population, and is associated with proptosis, cranial nerve palsy (Tolosa–Hunt syndrome), uveitis, and retinal detachment.