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Pyrolysis is most commonly used in the treatment of organic materials. It is one of the processes involved in the charring of wood [2] or pyrolysis of biomass. In general, pyrolysis of organic substances produces volatile products and leaves char, a carbon-rich solid residue.
Torrefaction is a thermochemical treatment of biomass at 200 to 320 °C (392 to 608 °F). It is carried out under atmospheric pressure and in the absence of oxygen.During the torrefaction process, the water contained in the biomass as well as superfluous volatiles are released, and the biopolymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) partly decompose, giving off various types of volatiles. [4]
An old wood tar oil recipe for the treatment of wood is one-third each genuine wood tar, balsam turpentine, and boiled or raw linseed oil or Chinese tung oil. [citation needed] A boat transporting pine tar barrels on Oulu River in 1910. In Finland, wood tar was once considered a panacea reputed to heal "even those cut in twain through their ...
Thermally modified wood is engineered wood that has been modified by a controlled pyrolysis process of wood being heated to (> 180 °C) in an oxygen free atmosphere. This process changes to the chemical structures of wood's cell wall components lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose which decreases its hygroscopy and thus increases dimensional ...
[2] [3] The process has also been called hydrous pyrolysis. The reaction usually involves homogeneous and/or heterogeneous catalysts to improve the quality of products and yields. [ 1 ] Carbon and hydrogen of an organic material, such as biomass, peat or low-ranked coals ( lignite ) are thermo-chemically converted into hydrophobic compounds ...
Wood, particularly hardwood, is by far the most widely used biomass pyrolyzed to make liquid smoke. Commercial products are made using both batch and continuous methods. Commercial products are made using a range of reactors from rotary calciners, [6] heated screws, [7] batch charcoal kilns, [8] to fast pyrolysis reactors. [9]
It is an application of pyrolysis. The process breaks up or "cracks" large molecules. Coke, coal gas, gaseous carbon, coal tar, ammonia liquor, and coal oil are examples of commercial products historically produced by the destructive distillation of coal. Many early experiments used retorts for destructive distillation.
Pyrolysis oil, sometimes also known as biocrude or bio-oil, is a synthetic fuel with few industrial application and under investigation as substitute for petroleum.It is obtained by heating dried biomass without oxygen in a reactor at a temperature of about 500 °C (900 °F) with subsequent cooling, separation from the aqueous phase and other processes.