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However, for a chronic illness like Hashimoto’s disease, long-term treatment may be required. Hypothyroidism is treated with a thyroid replacement medication called levothyroxine, says Jaggi.
Certain medications can have the unintended side effect of affecting thyroid function. While some medications can lead to significant hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism and those at risk will need to be carefully monitored, some medications may affect thyroid hormone lab tests without causing any symptoms or clinical changes, and may not require treatment.
These symptoms include weight loss, irritability, anxiety, insomnia, fast heart rate, and fatigue. Elevated levels of thyroid hormone in the bloodstream cause both conditions, but thyrotoxicosis is the term used with thyroiditis since the thyroid gland is not overactive, as in the case of hyperthyroidism. [1]
Commonly prescribed thyroid drug levothyroxine was linked with bone mass and bone density loss in a cohort of older adults in a recent study. Common thyroid drug levothyroxine linked to bone mass loss
[1] [3] [4] [5] In the thyrotoxic phase, the follicular cells of the thyroid gland are damaged leading to release of pre-formed thyroid hormone and symptoms of thyrotoxicosis. The damage to the follicles impairs ability to produce and secrete thyroid hormones which then leads to a hypothyroid phase.
[3] [4] Other symptoms, such as dysphagia and breathing difficulties caused by airway blockage, are uncommon. [2] The thyroid gland is extremely painful, rigid, and swollen, which can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. [2] Approximately half of affected adolescents and two-thirds of adults have widespread thyroid gland involvement.
Administering the radioactive isotope causes the thyroid to take in the lethal iodine and quickly radiation destroys it. [12] Typically overproduction of thyroxine using radio-iodine is blocked with one dose. The drawback to this treatment is the thyroid gland is completely destroyed and patients often develop hypothyroidism. Some do so only a ...
Treatment with antithyroid medications must be administered for six months to two years to be effective. Even then, upon cessation of the drugs, the hyperthyroid state may recur. The risk of recurrence is about 40–50%, and lifelong treatment with antithyroid drugs carries some side effects such as agranulocytosis and liver disease. [27]
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