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[25] [26] The beluga sturgeon is the largest species of freshwater bony fish extant today, and Arapaima gigas is among the largest of the freshwater fish. The largest bony fish ever was Leedsichthys, which dwarfed the beluga sturgeon as well as the ocean sunfish, giant grouper and all the other giant bony fishes alive today. [27]
Actinopterygii (/ ˌ æ k t ɪ n ɒ p t ə ˈ r ɪ dʒ i aɪ /; from Ancient Greek ἀκτίς (aktis) 'having rays' and πτέρυξ (ptérux) 'wing, fins'), members of which are known as ray-finned fish or actinopterygians, is a class of bony fish [2] that comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. [3]
Leedsichthys, a giant Jurassic pachycormid. This list of prehistoric bony fish is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be bony fish (class Osteichthyes), excluding purely vernacular terms.
Sarcopterygii (/ ˌ s ɑːr k ɒ p t ə ˈ r ɪ dʒ i. aɪ /; from Ancient Greek σάρξ (sárx) 'flesh' and πτέρυξ (ptérux) 'wing, fin') — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii (from Ancient Greek κροσσός (krossós) 'fringe') — is a clade (traditionally a class or subclass) of vertebrate animals which includes a group of bony fish commonly referred to as lobe ...
Osteichthyes — a superclass containing the Bony fish, formerly in the now obsolete clade Teleostomi. It is divided into two classes: Actinopterygii − Ray-finned fish — contains most of the superclass's species. Sarcopterygii − Lobe-finned fish.
The cladogram below shows the evolutionary relationships of the teleosts to other extant clades of bony fish, [15] and to the four-limbed vertebrates that evolved from a related group of bony fish during the Devonian period. [17] [18] Approximate divergence dates (in millions of years, mya) are from Near et al., 2012. [15]
Osteichthyes (bone-fish) or bony fishes are a taxonomic group of fish that have bone, as opposed to cartilaginous skeletons. The vast majority of fish are osteichthyans, which is an extremely diverse and abundant group consisting of 45 orders, with over 435 families and 28,000 species. [21] It is the largest class of vertebrates in existence today.
Osteoglossiformes / ˌ ɒ s t iː oʊ ˈ ɡ l ɒ s ɪ f ɔːr m iː z / (Greek: "bony tongues") is a relatively primitive order of ray-finned fish that contains two sub-orders, the Osteoglossoidei and the Notopteroidei. All of at least 245 living species inhabit freshwater.